Defence Intelligence of Ukraine says Russia deploying 32-element CRPAs
Ukraine's Defence Intelligence Directorate reports that Russian weapons are increasingly using controlled reception pattern antennas with as many as 32 receiving elements to resist satellite-navigation jamming. Such arrays process signals from multiple antenna elements to suppress interference arriving from particular directions, allowing guided drones or missiles to retain positioning information in electronic-warfare environments. Ukrainian investigators have documented Russian navigation hardware and its foreign-made electronic components, including equipment associated with the Kometa family. The findings concern identified systems and reported deployment trends, not proof that every Russian precision weapon carries the same 32-element configuration.